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FAMSI © 2003:
Gretchen Whalen |
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An Annotated Translation of a Colonial Yucatec Manuscript:
On Religious and Cosmological Topics by a Native Author
(Hun Ahau as Lucifer)
Endnotes #130-142
- Sahagún equates Lucifer with the Nahua deity Tezcatlipoca, employing a similar strategy (Burkhart 1988:70).
- Preliminary study by John Harris suggests initial appearance of Venus as morning star for early Lent in the mid-sixteenth century in Yucatán. Final appearance as morning star would occur in Advent during the same years.
- Vooh may mean book, sign, character or letter. As a verb, it can mean either to write or to paint. The author has usually chosen Dzib to refer to writing, specifically Kulem Dzib for Sacred Writing.
- hun ahau: Venus as Morning Star, to parallel Isaiah 14: 12-15, "How you are fallen from Heaven, O Day Star, son of Dawn!" on which the last part of this passage is based.
- likbal a uolex: CMM, likil ol: dar gana y antojo de alguna cosa.
- ceex: CMM, ceen, ceenx: que es de ello: es particula del que pregunta.
- Ezekiel lists nine precious stones, some of which were problematic for Bible translators. nenil tun, mirror stone, may be obsidian. houal may possibly refer to the place name Ho’al, a cenote and ruins in the province of Mani. puuc: BMTV, cristal. potzil tun, esmeralda. Perhaps ytz uah tun refers to amber, based on ytz meaning sap, resin. kak tamay appears in the Ritual of the Bacabs (107, 109). It can mean carbuncle (garnet) or a mythical animal with a shining stone in its forehead.
- hex tech cech indicates a change in the object of discourse, to someone described as having the face of a child, one who is extended, perhaps refering to wings, and a shade-giver. In Ezekiel 28: 14-16, an annointed guardian cherub is placed on God’s holy mountain amidst the stones of fire and drives the evil doer from his place there. The Maya text reads as if the author were describing the picture of a cherub, without understanding the concept.
- Once again, the author addresses Hun Ahau/Lucifer, who pursued his proper path among the stars, described as the glittering, glimmering, shining stones there in the heavens, until he lost his proper path.
- ta ma ti belilie: or in your iniquity, with an underlying meaning of losing the path.
- Ezekiel 28: 16, So I cast you as a profane thing from the mountain of God, and the guardian cherub drove you out from the midst of the stones of fire. This line should refer to the cherub, but the demarcations in the translation are so vague that I wonder if the Maya author was confused. If he used a visual aid as he preached, the transitions may have been clear to the audience.
- yahal cab: according to Thompson, Ah Ahzah Cab, he who awakens the earth, is another name for Venus, the morning star (250).
- xac cunah: CMM, poner en quatro pies.
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